// request flow

Request Flows

Step through the route a request takes across services, protocols, and runtime layers.

01c plus plusC++ Memory LayoutVisual map of C++ memory segments: text (code), data (globals), heap (dynamic), and stack (locals).5 stagesSep 26, 2026
02high frequency tradingOrder Book StateVisual map of an order book showing bids, asks, spread, and depth at multiple price levels.5 stagesSep 26, 2026
03networkingNetwork Layers in a RequestVisualize the four network layers (application, transport, network, link, physical) and how each adds a header as a request travels to a server.5 stagesSep 26, 2026
04operating systemsProcess vs Thread at a GlanceVisual comparison of processes and threads: memory isolation, creation cost, communication, and failure boundaries.5 stagesSep 26, 2026
05programming algorithmsArray vs Linked List Memory LayoutVisualize how contiguous array memory enables cache-friendly access while scattered linked list nodes cause pointer-chase cache misses.5 stagesSep 26, 2026
06system designA Browser Request Reaches a ServerFollow a request from the browser through name resolution, transport, TLS, and HTTP to the application — the first mile of every system design.5 stagesSep 26, 2026
07system designMulti-Region Active-Passive ArchitectureVisualize a primary region handling all traffic, a passive backup region ready to take over, and the failover path when the primary becomes unhealthy.5 stagesSep 26, 2026
08system designRate Limiting with a Token BucketVisualize how a token bucket limits request rate, handles bursts, and enforces a steady throughput ceiling.5 stagesSep 26, 2026
09web developmentThe Web Request LifecycleVisual map of how a browser request travels from URL to rendered page through DNS, TCP, TLS, HTTP, and rendering stages.6 stagesSep 26, 2026
10api semantics and versioningHow Designing APIs Around Explicit Semantics worksAn interactive concept flow for designing apis around explicit semantics, from its assumptions through the main operation and boundary checks.5 stagesSep 25, 2026
11architecture stylesHow Choosing an Architecture Style From Constraints worksAn interactive concept flow for choosing an architecture style from constraints, from its assumptions through the main operation and boundary checks.5 stagesSep 25, 2026
12arrays and linked listsHow Arrays and Linked Lists: Cost Follows Access Pattern worksAn interactive concept flow for arrays and linked lists: cost follows access pattern, from its assumptions through the main operation and boundary checks.5 stagesSep 25, 2026
13backend engineeringA Safe Retry Reuses One Logical Request KeySee how authentication, key lookup, atomic work, stored outcomes, and retry replay prevent duplicate create operations.5 stagesSep 25, 2026
14branches and parallelismHow Branch Prediction and Exposing Parallel Work worksAn interactive concept flow for branch prediction and exposing parallel work, from its assumptions through the main operation and boundary checks.5 stagesSep 25, 2026
15browser input securityHow Treat Browser Input as Data at Every Boundary worksAn interactive concept flow for treat browser input as data at every boundary, from its assumptions through the main operation and boundary checks.5 stagesSep 25, 2026