Find the fewest unlimited coins needed to make amount, or -1 if impossible.
A good solution should
- State the invariant or decision rule that makes the approach correct.
- Explain time and space costs in terms of input size and required output.
- Handle empty, minimal, duplicate, and boundary-shaped inputs.
Reasoning prompt
Build a minimum-count state for each amount. Greedy selection is not correct for arbitrary denominations.
Use the linked judge for the canonical challenge. The examples above are compact TRT checks; create additional tests around the boundary most likely to break your invariant.